A thickener is a device used for the solid-liquid separation of suspensions, mainly applied to concentration and dewatering processes. Its working principle is as follows:
Feeding: The suspension to be treated (such as pulp) enters the thickener through the feeding port.
Treatment tank: There is a treatment tank inside the thickener, where the suspension is processed. The treatment tank is usually cylindrical or radial in shape, with a conical bottom at the lower part and an agitator in the center.
Mixing: The fed suspension is mixed with a stabilizer in the treatment tank to increase the concentration and viscosity of the suspended solids.
Sedimentation: The mixed suspension is left to stand in the treatment tank for a certain period of time. Due to the effect of gravity, the suspended solids gradually settle to the bottom and form a concentrated material layer.
Clear water overflow: A clear water overflow tank is provided at the top of the treatment tank to discharge the clear water at the top of the suspension, so as to maintain the concentration of the concentrated material.
Discharge of concentrated material: The concentrated material at the bottom of the treatment tank is discharged through the bottom discharge port, forming a high-concentration concentrated material.
Agitation and sludge discharge: In order to prevent the concentrated material from forming an overly thick sludge at the bottom, the agitator inside the thickener will be started regularly to stir the sludge evenly, and the sludge will be discharged through the bottom sludge discharge port.
The working principle of the thickener is based on the sedimentation of solid particles in the suspension. Through standing and agitation in the treatment tank, the solid particles in the suspension gradually settle to the bottom, forming a concentrated material. Thickeners are widely used in the concentration and dewatering processes in industries such as mining, metallurgy, and environmental protection, and they have the functions of improving the concentration effect and reducing the moisture content.
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